Authorship & Conflicts of Interest

Authorship

Every listed author must have made a substantial scholarly contribution, participated in drafting or critically revising the work, approved the submitted version, and accepted accountability for the work. Contributors who do not meet all criteria should be acknowledged, with permission.

Changes to authorship

Requests to add, remove, or reorder authors must explain the reason and include written agreement from all affected authors. Post-acceptance changes are exceptional and subject to editorial review.

Conflicts of interest

Authors, editors, and reviewers must disclose financial, professional, institutional, personal, or intellectual interests that could influence—or reasonably appear to influence—the work or its assessment. Conflicted editors and reviewers must not participate in the decision.