Research Data, Reproducibility & AI

Data availability and reproducibility

Authors must include a data-availability statement. Where ethically and legally possible, they should share data, code, instruments, variable definitions, and replication instructions. Restrictions arising from privacy, contracts, confidentiality, or third-party ownership must be explained.

Research records

Data and analytical records must be retained sufficiently to support editorial assessment and reasonable verification. Confidential or personal data must be protected.

Artificial intelligence

AI systems cannot be authors. Authors remain responsible for accuracy, originality, references, analysis, confidentiality, copyright, and research ethics. Material use of generative AI in drafting, analysis, coding, image production, or translation must be disclosed. Reviewers may not upload confidential manuscripts to public AI systems.